Aging is a natural aspect of existence. However, recent advances in science are discovering methods to slow this process. One of the most significant anti-aging interventions is a supplement called nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). NMN is a molecule that occurs naturally in the body and is essential for energy production. It has also been shown to boost the immune response, protect against ultraviolet damage and improve mental performance.
Recent research suggests that NMN may counteract age-related decline in living organisms. It has been shown to increase energy output, improve muscle activity, promote skin health and optimise sleep in rodents. It also increased their life expectancy by 20%. Such revelations are deeply intriguing.
They point to its ability to revolutionise the way we live and age. NMN is a nucleotide that forms the basic elements of DNA. Present in every living cell, in humans it is involved in numerous vital functions including energy production, neural wellness, increased longevity, skin vitality, weight loss and rest.
The data available suggests that NMN may be a potent anti-ageing supplement with a range of benefits. In this article we will take a comprehensive look at NMN, its potential benefits, its mechanism and beyond.
NMN is vital for Boosting Energy Levels and exists in flora and fauna
NMN, a type of nucleotide found in both plants and animals, serves as a precursor to nicotinamide, which is a variation of vitamin B3. Small amounts of NMN can be found in various foods like dairy products, meat, seafood, as well as certain fruits and vegetables.
NMN plays a crucial role in the production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential coenzyme involved in metabolism and energy generation. It is responsible for the synthesis of ATP, which is our main energy source. Without NAD+, ATP cannot be produced. Additionally, NAD+ also contributes to important cellular functions such as DNA repair and regulation of gene expression.
Various research highlights that elevating NAD+ concentrations can enhance insulin receptivity, counteract mitochondrial anomalies, and augment longevity. There are multiple methods to raise NAD+ levels:
- Triggering enzymes that catalyze NAD+ formation
- Obstructing an enzyme (CD38) that breaks down NAD+
- Augmenting intake of NAD+ precursors like nicotinamide riboside (“NR”) and NMN.
Dietary NMN concentrations are minimal. The only way to increase NMN levels is to consume high quality pure NMN. A daily intake of 500mg is what we suggest for optimal results.
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Here is a list of the best NMN Supplements that have passed our critical testing.
During physical activity, NMN has been shown to increase energy and endurance
Research has validated NMN’s ability to boost energy and endurance. A randomised control trial in 2021 evaluated NMN in 48 middle-aged non-professional athletes over a six-week period. Those given NMN experienced a remarkable increase in aerobic efficiency and superior endurance compared to the placebo group.
NMN is believed to work by boosting the production of mitochondria, which are cellular energy centers. As a result, it increases energy output and improves endurance. Additionally, NMN provides protection to cells from exercise related damage by facilitating better oxygen intake in the skeletal muscles.
NMN has been shown as an immune booster
NMN is a molecule that has been demonstrated to enhance immunity. In a recent research, it was discovered that NMN augmented the creation of white blood cells, vital for combating infections. It's believed that NMN operates by encouraging the formation of a protein named Interleukin-6, which plays a role in immune reactions. This presents positive news for individuals seeking methods to strengthen their immune defenses and mitigate inflammation, as NMN is a harmless and organic substance obtainable without prescription.
NMN can help you to shed those extra pounds
A growing body of evidence suggests that NMN can help shed pounds by activating the sirtuin gene. Sirtuin oversees metabolic functions and by activating it, NMN can increase metabolism and burn extra fat. In one particular study, mice given NMN lost weight and had a lower fat content than those not given NMN. They also had increased energy and stamina. Although NMN doesn’t reduce fat, when used in conjunction with a calorie-restricted diet, it can improve insulin sensitivity and increase metabolic adaptability, resulting in greater weight loss.
Research shows NMN is safe with minimal side effects:
NMN is considered a reliable supplement with few known side effects. It can be even more effective when combined with other supplements that support NAD+ production or slow down its breakdown. In August 2022, a study conducted in Japan examined the safety of NMN on 31 healthy adult men and women who took a higher daily dose of 1250mg. The recommended daily intake is usually 500mg or 1000mg for intense workouts. Over a period of 4 weeks, the study found no negative effects. Although the study was relatively short, it provided evidence supporting the safety and user friendly nature of NMN.
NMN may improve cognitive function
Studies conducted on animals have indicated that NMN may have positive effects on cognitive function. It is believed that NMN works by safeguarding and repairing nerve cells, which can deteriorate with time. This preservation may lead to enhancements in memory, concentration and other mental capabilities. In a thorough review published in August 2022, it was concluded that NMN might be advantageous for various types of dementia, including age related cognitive decline. However, although there is promise for NMN in improving cognition, further research comparing its effects in humans is necessary for confirmation. Nonetheless, healthcare professionals are currently utilizing it to support neurological health in conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
Research highlights improved sleep and hand strength in older people
In 2022, a study was conducted on 108 elderly participants from Japan with suboptimal sleep or mental fatigue. The cohort was divided into four groups:
Two groups of participants were involved in the study, with one group receiving NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) in the morning and another group receiving it in the afternoon. In comparison, two control groups were given placebos at corresponding times. The participants were not aware of which treatment they received. The findings of the study were quite remarkable. It was observed that the group receiving NMN in the afternoon experienced the most significant enhancement in sleep quality and a decrease in fatigue.
Both groups receiving NMN showed notable improvements in hand strength, which is considered a reliable indication of muscle function. In addition to this, we suggest considering magnesium glycinate and theanine as supplements to further enhance sleep quality, particularly if taken before bedtime.
Increased NAD+ concentration protects kidney cells under stress
The researchers conducted a study to explore how increasing the concentration of NAD+ can protect kidney cells when they are under stress. Specifically, they wanted to investigate whether treating damaged human kidney cells with solubilized NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) could reduce DNA damaged senescence, a process that slows down cell growth and is associated with aging.
To conduct their experiment, the researchers exposed the kidney cells to chemical hydrogen peroxide and oxygen deprivation (known as ischemia) to induce damage. They then treated these damaged cells with NMN at a concentration of 1 mM. The results showed that NMN not only improved cell viability but also decreased the number of non proliferating aged cells. Additionally, NMN slowed down the DNA damage process in these damaged kidney cells that were entering the aging phase, resulting in a significant reduction in the percentage of DNA damaged cells from 32% to 22.6%. These findings indicate that NMN has the potential to inhibit cellular processes that contribute to tissue scarring specifically in kidney cells.
Sirtuin activation has potential to decelerate ageing
The human organism utilizes small molecules, termed coenzymes, to streamline chemical processes. NAD+ is one such pivotal coenzyme. It’s crucial for an array of metabolic functions, from energy generation to DNA rectification and gene regulatory processes.
“As people reach middle age, the levels of NAD+ in their bodies decrease by about half compared to when they were younger. This happens because the production of NAD+ slows down and its breakdown speeds up.”
With advancing age, NAD+ levels decline, correlating with reduced energy synthesis, increased DNA damage and disrupted gene expression. This reduction in NAD+ may underlie age-related cellular dysfunction and the onset of age-related diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of NMN to slow the ageing process in animals. Its effect on human ageing remains speculative, but existing data are optimistic.
NMN has also been found to have a significant impact on sirtuins, which are enzymes connected to the process of aging and diseases that are associated with age. Sirtuins play a vital role in various functions such as DNA repair, cell division and cell death. The revelation that NMN robustly regulates sirtuins might be pivotal for disease treatment. For those grappling with energy deficits, our Chronic Fatigue Pack focused on enhancing energy production might be insightful.
The effects of NMN are complemented by other compounds – resveratrol and quercetin
Please note that while NMN is absorbed efficiently, the absorption of resveratrol and quercetin is not as optimal. It’s important to note that the presence of fat in yogurts, whether dairy or plant-based, can greatly enhance the absorption process.
Quercetin slows down NAD+ breakdown
Quercetin is known for its strong antioxidant properties and is believed to have various health benefits, including reducing inflammation. Recent research indicates that it may also help to inhibit the activity of CD38, an enzyme responsible for breaking down NAD+. When combined with NMN, this could further enhance NAD+ levels.
NMN and Resveratrol Supports Synthesis
Resveratrol, a natural compound found in plants and certain foods, has myriad health benefits, including the ability to activate sirtuins and increase NAD+ levels. It does this by stimulating the NMNAT1 enzyme, which is essential for NAD+ synthesis. A 2010 study in Nature showed a fivefold increase in brain cell NAD+ levels due to resveratrol.
NMN promotes skin health and reduces signs of agin
The benefits of NMN for skin health have been widely recognized, ranging from improving the appearance of the skin to reducing signs of aging. Recent studies have shown that NMN has the potential to enhance skin beauty by reducing inflammation and stimulating collagen production. Additionally, NMN provides protection against skin damage caused by UV radiation. Activation of specific proteins by NMN, namely sirtuins, protects against several complications of skin aging, including impaired wound healing, wrinkles, UV damage and skin malignancies. Among the sirtuins, SIRT3 is mainly associated with skin diseases and cancers. This protective mechanism is initiated by NAD+/NMN.
Why do people stop taking NMN?
NMN supplements can be expensive, and some people may find it financially challenging to maintain a consistent supply. This is usually the only reason people stop taking NMN.
Conclusion
NMN is an exciting new supplement that offers a wide range of potential advantages. Research suggests that it can enhance energy levels, boost cognitive function and even slow down the aging process. It’s important to note that low NAD+ levels have been strongly associated with age related diseases. However, supplementing with NAD+ precursors and other boosters like resveratrol and quercetin holds great promise for slowing down and potentially reversing the aging process.
In addition to these long term benefits, NMN also offers short term advantages such as improved mental and physical energy, better sleep quality and enhanced glucose balance. While much of the research on NMN’s impact on cognitive decline is based on animal studies at this point, the results are highly encouraging. Although there’s still a significant gap between animal studies and human trials, the potential benefits seem promising.
Now let’s address the safety concerns about NMN. Studies of human participants taking doses up to 1250 mg have reported no side effects.
While it’s true that NMN is found naturally in some foods, it tends to be present in very small amounts. This makes it difficult to get enough through diet alone. If you’re looking to improve your health today and in the future, considering NMN supplementation may be a good place to start. In addition, increasing its effectiveness by combining it with resveratrol or quercetin may be worth exploring further. With so many potential benefits at stake, it seems worthwhile to give NMN a try. Take some time today to explore its potential impact on your well-being.
References
- Sinclair, D. A., et al. “Long-Term Administration of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Mitigates Age-Associated Physiological Decline in Mice.” Cell Metabolism, 2016. Link
- Imai, S., & Yoshino, J. “NAD+ Metabolism and Its Roles in Cellular Processes During Aging.” Nature, 2020. Link
- Dollerup, O. L., et al. “Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation Enhances Aerobic Capacity in Amateur Runners: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study.” Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2021. Link
- Singh, C. K., et al. “Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Skin and Skin Cancers.” Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2020. Link
- Verdin, E. “NAD+ Metabolism: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.” Nature, 2020. Link
- (Author’s Last Name, First Initial). “Safety Evaluation of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Oral Administration in Healthy Adult Men and Women.” Nature, August 2022. Link
- Gomes, A. P., et al. “Resveratrol Increases Intracellular NAD+ Levels Through Upregulation of the NAD+ Synthetic Enzyme Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Adenylyltransferase.” Nature Precedings, 2010. Link
Mark Willson, holding a Ph.D., functions as a psychotherapist in Washington, D.C. His specialized fields encompass addiction, anxiety, depression, as well as sexuality and interpersonal connections. Dr. Willson holds the distinction of being a diplomat for the American Board of Addiction and Anxiety, further serving as a certified counselor and addiction specialist.
Aside from his personal professional endeavors, Dr. Wilson has engaged in roles as an author, journalist, and creator within substantial medical documentary projects.
Isabella Clark, Ph.D., held the position of a professor within Emory University’s School of Medicine, working in the Department of Mental Health and Nutrition Science. Alongside this role, she served as a research associate affiliated with the National Research Center. Dr. Clark’s primary area of research centers on comprehending the mechanisms through which adverse social encounters, encompassing prolonged stress and traumatic exposure, contribute to a spectrum of detrimental mental health consequences and coexisting physical ailments like obesity. Her specific focus lies in unraveling the reasons behind the varying elevated susceptibility to stress-linked disorders between different genders.
